A new Composite column composed of pultrusion, concrete, and Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) is presented in this paper. The confinement and Composite action between the constituent materials result in the enhanced compressive strength and ductility of the proposed Composite columns, compared to traditionally reinforced concrete columns. Compared to other materials, advantages of FRP products include light weight, high specific strength, corrosion resistance, and low maintenance cost. This research showed that I-shaped pultruded Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) could satisfactorily improve the structural performance of concrete columns. The effectiveness of discrete and continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) wrapping arrangements for pultrusion-concrete Composite short columns subjected to axial compressive loading is assessed in this study. The experimental program is composed of one series of Composite columns with discrete wrapping arrangements and one series of fully wrapped Composite columns. A numerical model was developed to predict the behavior of the FRP-confined Composite columns subjected to axial compressive loading. The damage mechanisms of the columns wrapped by the Composite layers are strongly dependent on the chosen materials. The results of finite element models are compared with the data obtained from the conducted experimental program, which showed good agreement between the results and the experimental data.